RISC Processor

Reduced Instruction Set Computer is what it’s called. The instruction set of the computer is condensed in the Reduced Instruction Set Computer (RISC) architecture to speed up execution. The few RISC Processor instructions typically involve register-to-register operations. As a result, data is kept in processor registers for calculations, and store instructions are used to transfer the results to memory. Every action is carried out within the CPU’s registers. So All RISC instructions have straightforward register addressing, reducing the number of addressing modes required.

RISC is simple to decode and uses a relatively straightforward instruction format. Here, the instruction length can be set and word boundaries can be used to align it. So Each clock cycle allows the RISC processors to carry out one instruction. Pipelining, which involves overlapping the fetch, decode, and execute phases of two or three instructions, is used to accomplish this. RISC executes programs more quickly than CISC because it uses a greater proportion of the processor unit’s registers.

Features of RISC Processor

The CISC Processor has a number of features, including the following:

• It has a limited number of addressing modes.
• It can relatively few instructions.
• The CPU’s registers are where all operations are carried out.
• Only load and store instructions are used for memory access.
• It is used for single-cycle instruction execution.
• It can decode instructions in a fixed-length, simple format.
• Alternatively to microprogrammed control, it can be hardwired.

Characteristic

1. Instruction is one word in length.
2. Simpler instruction decoding results from simpler instruction.
3. More general-purpose registers.
4. An instruction is executed in one clock cycle.
5. Simple Addressing Modes.
6. Fewer Data types.
7. A pipeline can be achieved. 

Advantages of RISC Processor

Simpler instructions: Because they employ a smaller number of straightforward instructions, RISC processors are quicker to decode and execute. As a result, processing times are accelerated.
Faster execution: RISC processors can process instructions more quickly than CISC processors because they have a smaller set of instructions.
Lower power consumption: Because they use less power than CISC processors, RISC processors are perfect for portable devices.

Disadvantages

More instructions required: Complex tasks require more instructions for RISC processors to complete than for CISC processors.
Increased memory usage: So To store the additional instructions needed to complete complex tasks, RISC processors need more memory.
Higher cost: It can cost more to develop and produce RISC processors than CISC processors.