Elastomer
Table of Contents
Elastomer
ELASTOMER
POLYISOPRENE (NATURAL RUBBER)
Excellent abrasion resistance; Excellent tear strength;
And Excellent resilinence;
Excellent low temperature flexibility; Excellent dielectric strength;
Poor resistance to ozone and oxygen; Poor resistance to sunlight and heat; Poor resistance to solvents.
Applications: automobile tires, gaskets, hoses.
Elastomer
ELASTOMER BUTYL (ISOBUTENE-ISOPRENE)
Applications: inner lining of automobile tires, steam hoses and diaphragms.
ELASTOMER
NEOPRENE (CHLOROPRENE)
Property Value in metric unit Value in US unit
Density 1.23 *10³ kg/m³ 76.8 lb/ft³
Tensile strength 25 MPa 3630 psi
Elongation 1000 % 1000 %
Glass transition temperature -50 ºC -58 ºF
Maximum work temperature 100 ºC 212 ºF
Electric resistivity 103 Ohm*m 105 Ohm*cm
Dielectric constant 9 – 9 –
Excellent abrasion resistance;
Good resistance to oil, fuel and petroleum based solvents; Excellent resistance to ozone;
Very good resistance to sunlight; Poor resistance to lacquer solvents.
Applications: oil and crude oil hoses, gaskets, diaphragms, lining of chemical vessels.
Elastomer
ELASTOMER ETHYLENE-PROPYLENE (EPDM)
Property Value in metric unit Value in US unit
Density 0.86 *10³ kg/m³ 53.7 lb/ft³
Tensile strength 20 MPa 2900 psi
Elongation 300 % 300 %
Glass transition temperature -75 ºC -103 ºF
Maximum work temperature 100 ºC 212 ºF
Electric resistivity 108 Ohm*m 1010
Dielectric constant 3.3 – 3.3 –
Excellent resistance to sunlight and heat; Excellent resistance to ozone and oxygen; Excellent resistance to water and steam; Excellent low temperature flexibility; Good dielectric strength;
Good abrasion resistance;
Poor resistance to fuel, oil, alcohol.
Applications: electrical insulation, shoe soles, hoses, conveyor belts.
ELASTOMER SILICONE
Excellent resistance to ozone and oxygen; Excellent resistance to heat and sunlight; Excellent weather resistance;
Wide work temperature interval: -150ºF…600 ºF (-100ºC…315 ºC) Poor resistance to fuel, oil, hydrocarbons;
Poor abrasion resistance Poor tear resistance
Applications: high temperature sealant, adhesives, vibration damping components.
THERMOPLASTICS
Thermoplastics are polymers, which soften (becomes pliable and plastic) and melt when heated. In the melted conditions thermoplastics may be formed by various methods (injection molding, extrusion, Thermoforming). No new cross-links form (no chemical curing) when a thermoplastic cools and harden. Thermoplastics may be reprocessed (re-melt) many times.
Molecules of most of thermoplastics combine long polymer chains alternating with monomer units.
Thermoplastic materials may contain filler materials in form of powder or fibers, providing improvement of specific material properties (strength, stiffness, lubricity, color etc.).
Thermoplastic groups:
Polyolefines: Low Density Polyethylene (LDPE), High Density Polyethylene (HDPE), Polypropylene (PP).
Styrenics: Polysterene (PS), Acrylonitrile-Butadiene-Styrene (ABS), Styrene-Acrylonitrile (SAN), Styrene/Acrylic (S/A), Styrene-Maleic Anhydride
(SMA).
Vinyls: Polyvinyl Chloride (PVC), Chlorinated Polyvinyl Chloride (CPVC).
Acrylics: Polymethylmethacrylate (PMMA), Polyvinilchloride-Acrylic Blend (PVC/MA).
Fluoropolymers: Polychlorotrifluoroethylene (CTFE), Polytetrafluoroethylene
(PTFE), Polyvinylidene Fluoride (PVDF).
Polyesters: Polyethylene Terephtalate (PET), Polyester PETG (PETG), Polybutylene Terephtalate (PBT), Polyarilate (PAR), Liquid Crystal Polyester (LCP).
Polyamides (Nylons):Nylon 6 (N6), Nylon 66 (N66), Nylon 11 (N11), Nylon
12 (N12), Polyphtalamide (PPA), Polyamidemide (PAI).
Polyimides: Polyimide (PI), Polyetherimide (PEI).
Polyethers: Polyacetal (POM), Polycarbonate (PC), Polyphenylene Oxide Blend (PPO), Polyaryletherketone (PAEK), Polyetheretherketone.
Sulfur Containing Polymers: Polyphenylene Sulfide (PPS), Polysulfone (PSF), Polyethersulfone (PES), Polyarylsulfone (PAS).
Properties and applications of some thermoplastics
Thermoplastic Low Density Polyethylene (LDPE) And Thermoplastic High Density Polyethylene (HDPE) Thermoplastic Polypropylene (PP)
And Thermoplastic Acrylonitrile-Butadiene-Styrene (ABS) Thermoplastic Polyvinyl Chloride (PVC)
Thermoplastic Polymethylmethacrylate (PMMA) and Thermoplastic Polytetrafluoroethylene (PTFE) And Thermoplastic Polyethylene Terephtalate (PET) Thermoplastic Polyamide (Nylon 6)
And Thermoplastic Polyimide (PI)
And Thermoplastic Polycarbonate (PC) Thermoplastic Polysulfone (PSF)