Course Content
INTERJECTION
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Subject And Predicate
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PHRASAL VERB
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SENTENCE PATTERN
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HOMOPHONES
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Idioms And Phrases
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Definition – Question Tag
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REPORTED SPEECH
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ABBREVIATIONS & ACRONYMS
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REPHRASING SENTENCES
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English Grammar Tutorials
About Lesson

SENTENCE PATTERN DEFINITION

There are five important components in a sentence.

Components Of Sentence Pattern

Subject (S) Verb (V) Object (O)
Complement (C) Adverbial (A)  

 

1. SUBJECT (S)

Definition :

To get ‘S’ ask the quesiton ‘Who?’ before the verb.

Subject In Sentence Pattern Examples

Nancy danced well (Here “Nancy” – Subject)
The child broke the glass (Here “The child” – Subject)
Subject (S) consists of nouns or pronouns
occurs before a verb

 

2. VERB (V)

Definition :

In every sentence the most important word is the verb. A verb shows action or activity or work done.

Verb In Sentence Pattern Examples

He is a doctor (“Be” form verb)
Jems wrote a letter (Main verb)
The baby is crying (auxiliary verb + Main verb)
Verb (V) consists of (a) auxiliaries
(b) finite verbs

(a) Auxiliaries

Auxiliary Verbs In Sentence Pattern Examples

am, is, are ,was, were
has, have, had
does, do, did
Modals : can, could; will, would; shall, should; may, might; must
Semi-modals / Quasi Modals : dare to; need to; used to; ought to

(b) Finite Verbs – Denote Action

Examples

talk, sing, write, make, dance, play, cook, leave, teach, sleep
– verbs occur after the subject
– vebs occur before the object

3. OBJECT (O)

Definition :

To get the object ‘O’ ask the question ‘What’ or ‘Whom’. ‘What’ is for things and ‘Whom’ is for persons. Persons may be nouns or pronouns.

Examples

He bought a pen (a pen = Object)
He handles the computer (computer = Object)
I saw him (him = Object)

Object (O) – consists of nouns or noun phrases or noun clauses

(a) Do – direct object
– answers the question ‘what’

Examples

S V O (what)
I likes animals
(b) IO – indirect object
– answers the question ‘whom’

Examples

S V IO (whom) DO
I gave Rosy a pen

4. COMPLEMENT (C)

Definition :

The words required to complete the meaning of a sentence are called Complement of the sentence.

Examples

S V C
He is a dentist
She became a journalist
It grew dark

Complement (C) – from the word ‘complete’

– completes the meaning in the sentence
– without it the, meaning is incomplete
– without it the, meaning changes
occurs in two pattern. (i) S V C pattern. (ii) S V O C pattern

(i) In S V C pattern, the complement C

– complements the subjects
– tells about the subject
– without it the, meaning changes
– without C, the sentence is incomplete or the sentence changes its meaning
– use to be forms, grew, became, seems for verb

Examples

S V C
They are players
She was angry
It seems absurd

(ii) In S V O C pattern

– the complement tells about the object
– the complement and object are of the same person or thing

Examples

S V O C
They called David a genius
I found her crying
They elected Michle leader

Types of Complement

1. Subject Complement

Definition :

The complement which expresses the quality or identity or condition of the subject is called Subject Complement.

Examples

She is a doctor She looks sad

2. Object Complement

Definition :

The complement which expresses the quality or identity or condition of an object is called Object Complement.

Examples

They made her angry She called him a liar

Adjunct or Adverbial

Definition :

To get ‘A’ ask the question why, when, where or how.

The use of adverbial is optional whereas complement is essential. It has adverb phrase, adverbial clause, noun-phrase and prepositional phrase.

Examples

Why? (reason) When? (Time) Where? (Place) How? (Manner)
due to cold now, later here, there by bus / cycle
through floods after 2 years every where through efforts
under compulsion when young in the sky by mixing
carefully in the morning at home by hard work

Adjunct – A – answers the questions where? when? how? why?
– without A, any change in the meaning of the sentence

Examples Of Adjuncts In Sentences

Examples

S V A
She Comes every day
Sit here

 

EXAMPLES OF SENTENCE PATTERN

Abbreviations For Important Components In A Sentence.

Subject (S) Verb (V) Object (O)
Complement (C) Adverbial (A) Direct Object (DO)
Indirect Object (IO)    

There are basically five sentence patterns in English Grammar. They are

e.g.

SV Subject + Verb
SVO Subject + Verb + Object
SVIODO Subject + Verb + Indirect Object + Direct Object
SVC Subject + Verb + Complement
SVOC Subject + Verb + Object + Complement
Note : Adjunct or Adverbial could be added to all these five patterns.

e.g.

Subject Verb Object Examples – (SVO)

S+V+O
I / finished / the work
I / like / puppies
David / scolded / the boy
We / received / the parcel
She / sings / a song
They / did / a lot of work
He / resembles / her father
Many students / witnessed / the play
The police / arrested / the thief
I / want / one of these books
I / love / England
Peter / secured / admission
A huntsman / pursued / a wild animal
Many critics / criticised / the play
My mother / is teaching / French
She / is / intelligent

Subject Verb Adverbial Examples – (SVA)

S+V+A
He / came / to the party
They / came / suddenly
It / is going / away
The train / arrived / late
They / will come / later
It / rained / last night
She / worked / in a second-hand bookshop
They / went / to the market
He / reads / slowly
The noise / feded / away

Subject Verb Complement Examples – (SVC)

S+V+C
They / are / players
Her father / is / a doctor
I / am / an Indian
The class / became / noisy
Her eyes / are / beautiful
Mother Teresa / is / India’s gift to the world
Our headmaster sideline / was / a lending library
The leaves / turn / yellow
Her dreams / have come / true
They / worked / hard
The tea / is getting / cold
It / was / a very pleasant talk

Adverbial Subject Verb Examples – (ASV)

A+S+V
Soon / we / wake up
Nicely / he / replied
fondly / she / asked
Yesterday / I / came
Tomorrow / she / leaves

Subject Verb Object Complement Examples – (SVOC)

S+V+O+C
They / made / him / captain
They / named / him / Robert
They / elected / him / president
They / elected / him / speaker
They / made / him / the Mayor
They / made / David / Chairman of the Rotary club
The news / made / his name / popular
She / made / him / happy
She / learnt / music / last year
She / got / her shoes / wet
She / recognised / him / as a genius
He / panted / the wall / white
England / declared / me / a jew
He / made / his son / a doctor

Subject Verb Indirect Object Direct Object Examples – (SVIODO)

S+V+IO+DO
We / wish / you / Happy new year
The principal / gave / him / the medal
He / gave / her / a watch
She / sold / him / her house
Paul / gave / his wife / a gift
The Headmaster / showed / her / the result
He / sent / us / some foreign stamps
The doctor / gave / her / medicine
Sarah / sent / Paul / a gift
She / offered / me / a firm hand shake
They / sold / him / pictures

Subject Verb Object Complement Adverbial Examples – (SVOCA)

S+V+O+C+A
She / made / her views / clear / at the outset
The company / appointed / him / clerck / last week
They / named / their baby / Sarah / in the church
They / took / the child, / unconscious / to the hospital
She / made / his intentions / clear / now
She / had made / his life / a success / long back
I / lost / my purse / with money / in the bus
The governor / has sworn / him / chief minister / yesterday

Subject Verb Object Adverbial Examples – (SVOA)

S+V+O+A
The boy / kicks / the ball / with force
She / made / a new dress / yesterday
The kidnapper / locked / the child / in a lonely house
He / threw / the chair / out
She / invited / the guests / to get in
They / played / the match / in broad daylight
The thieves / broke open / the lockers / in the bank
I / shall meet / you / at the railway station
You / will understand / the truth / one day
She / lost / her father / last week
She / shot / the tiger / at once
You / will understand / the truth / one day
He / wrote / a letter / from Paris
They / want / money / immediately
He / got / his shoes / wet
They / had / their lunch / in the late hours
He / felt / a hand / on his shoulder

Subject Verb Object Adverbial Adverbial Examples – (SVOAA)

S+V+O+A+A
I / met / Sarah / at the theatre / yesterday
He / practised / pistol shooting / in the firing range / in London
Everyone / relished / the dinner / in the hotel / yesterday
She / enjoyed / the music recital immensly / yesterday
They / pushed / the bus / from behind / to make it move
I / will close / the shop / early / today
The rider / brought / the news / typed / at night
He / left / the book / on the table / at once

Subject Verb Complement Adverbial Examples – (SVCA)

S+V+C+A
The child / fell / asleep / soon
You / seem / tried / to day
It / is / dark / everywhere
She / became / wise / thereafter
They / reached / home / late
The train / left / the station / on time
She / got / well / soon
He / became / popular / at once
I / am / a programmer / in this company
She / acts / well / at all times
My father / is / an engineer / in India
He / got / well / slowly
I / am / the principal / here
Dr.David / is / famous / in his locality
David / is / a doctor / at Paris
She / was made / the Mayor / last week
Mr. Obama / was elected / the President / last month

Adverbial Subject Verb Object Examples – (ASVO)

A+S+V+O
Everyday / she / was / late
In broad daylight, / she / fell / unconscious
Often / Akbar / got / mad
This year / she / is / the captain
During day time / he / is / an honest man

Adverbial Subject Verb Indirect Object Direct Object Examples – (ASVIODO)

A+S+V+IO+DO
Last night / She / gave / him / food
Last week / he / gave / his son / new shirts
Every day / she / teaches / them / science
Everywhere / people / gave / the President / a welcome
During lunch / I / served / him / ice-cream

Adverbial Subject Verb Object Complement Adverbial Examples – (ASVOCA)

A+S+V+O+C+A
In the end, / the judge / declared / the culprit / innocent, / after the trial
Yesterday / the man / murdered / a woman / in rags, / mercilessly
In ancient times / people / shot / deer / dead / in the forest
Last month / they / christened / the child, / John / in the Chruch
Next Sunday / we / will paint / the car / red / in the meeting
Every day / she / noticed / the poor, / half dead / in the street corners

Adverbial Adverbial Subject Verb Complement Examples – (AASVC)

A+A+S+V+C
In the prayer hall, / during whorship / they / are / silent
Every day, / in the hostel, / she / is / asleep
Next month, / in Bombay, / they / have / a meeting
Every week, / in her garden / she / is / at work
Last week, / in Paris, / she / worked / as a professor

Verb Object Examples – (VO)

V+O
Perdon / me.
Call / him.
Try / it.

 

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