Irregular Verbs
Definition Of Irregular Verbs:
Irregular verbs form their past tense and past participle in a different way from adding ed. There is no ending at all, by changing the vowel of the base form. These are also called Strong Verbs.
A verb which does not follow the normal pattern when forming the past tense and past participle
Irregular Verbs With Similar Present, Past And Past Participle Forms
Unchanging Verbs List : Verbs in which all three forms are the same
Examples Of Unchanging Verbs.
| Present Tense | Past Tense | Past Participle | Present Participle |
|---|---|---|---|
| beset | beset | beset | besetting |
| broadcast | broadcast | broadcast | broadcasting |
| burst | burst | burst | bursting |
| cast | cast | cast | casting |
| challenged | challenged | challenged | challenging |
| congratulated | congratulated | congratulated | congratulating |
| cost | cost | cost | costing |
| cut | cut | cut | cutting |
| forecast | forecast | forecast | forecasting |
| hit | hit | hit | hitting |
| hurt | hurt | hurt | hurting |
| let | let | let | letting |
| outbid | outbid | outbid | outbidding |
| overcast | overcast | overcast | overcasting |
| put | put | put | putting |
| read | read | read | reading |
| set | set | set | setting |
| shed | shed | shed | shedding |
| shut | shut | shut | shutting |
| slit | slit | slit | slitting |
| split | split | split | splitting |
| upset | upset | upset | upsetting |
IRREGULAR VERBS WITH SIMILAR PAST AND PAST PARTICIPLE FORMS
Verbs in which two of the three forms are the same. All of them have the same past and past participle
e.g.
| Present Tense | Past Tense | Past Participle | Present Participle |
|---|---|---|---|
| behold | beheld | beheld | beholding |
| beseech | besought | besought | beseeching |
| build | built | built | building |
| deal | dealt | dealt | dealing |
| say | said | said | saying |
| sell | sold | sold | selling |
| sit | sat | sat | sitting |
| teach | taught | taught | teaching |
| make | made | made | making |
| keep | kept | kept | keeping |
IRREGULAR VERBS WITH SIMILAR PRESENT AND PAST PARTICIPLE FORMS
Verbs in which two of the three forms are the same. All of them have the same present and past participle forms.
e.g.
| Present Tense | Past Tense | Past Participle | Present Participle |
|---|---|---|---|
| come | came | come | coming |
| overcome | overcame | overcome | overcoming |
| run | ran | run | running |
| outrun | outran | outrun | outrunning |
| overrun | overran | overrun | overrunning |
Irregular Verbs With Three Distinct Forms
Verbs in which all three forms are different. All of them have the same present, past and past participle
e.g.
| Present Tense | Past Tense | Past Participle | Present Participle |
|---|---|---|---|
| arise | arose | arosen | arising |
| awake | awoke | awoken | beseeching |
| blow | blew | blown | blowing |
| choose | chose | chosen | choosing |
| do | did | done | saying |
| go | went | gone | going |
| fly | flew | flown | flying |
| give | gave | given | giving |
| see | saw | seen | seeing |
| write | wrote | written | writing |
The following verbs have an alternative past participle form (ending in -en), which
e.g.
| Present Tense | Past Tense | Past Participle | Present Participle |
|---|---|---|---|
| arise | arose | arosen | arising |
| awake | awoke | awoken | beseeching |
| beat | beat | beaten | beating |
| bid | bade | bidden | bidding |
| fall | fell | fallen | falling |
| freeze | froze | frozen | freezing |
| fly | flew | flown | flying |
| give | gave | given | giving |
| hide | hid | hidden | hiding |
| take | took | taken | taking |
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